Improvement effects of Runchang granules on the constipation in mice and its mechanism / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To investigate the improvement effects of Runchang granules on the constipation in mice and its potential mechanism. METHODS The mice were randomly divided into normal control group， model group， Runchang granules low-dose and high-dose groups （5， 10 g/kg）， mosapride group （0.003 g/kg， positive control）， with 6 mice in each group. The latter 4 groups were given loperamide intragastrically （0.004 g/kg）， twice a day， for 3 consecutive days. Normal control group and model group were given purified water intragastrically， and administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically for 7 consecutive days. After the last medication， fecal moisture content and intestinal motility of mice were determined， while the structures of colon and ileum， and the secretion of colonic mucus were observed. Protein expressions of tyrosine kinase receptor （c-kit）， mucin 2 （MUC2） and stem cell factor （SCF） were determined in colon； meanwhile， the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors [tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， IL-1β， inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS）] as well as factors related to promoting intestinal motility [neuronal nitric oxide synthase （nNOS）， smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase （smMLCK）， 5-hydroxytryptamine 4 receptor （5-HT4R）， MUC2， SCF， c-kit] were determined. RESULTS Compared with model group， the fecal water content， intestinal propulsion rate， protein expression of c-kit in colon， relative expressions of MUC2 and SCF protein， and mRNA expressions of factors related to promoting intestinal motility （except for nNOS and SCF in Runchang granules low-dose group） were all increased significantly in Runchang granules low-dose and high-dose groups， and mosapride group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. mRNA expression levels of inflammatory factors were decreased significantly（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Both colon and ileum injuries improved， and the secretion of colon mucus was increased significantly in Runchang granules high-dose group （P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS Runchang granules have laxative effect and can improve constipation in mice， and its mechanism may be related to the promotion of the secretion of colon mucus and MUC2 expression， and the activation of SCF/c-kit signaling pathway.

Metabolomics study on improvement effects of Cirsium japonicum extract on hypercholesterolemia model mice / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To explore the mechanism of Cirsium japonicum extract in improving hypercholesterolemia based on metabolomics technology. METHODS The extract of C. japonicum was prepared by macroporous resin adsorption， and its main components were identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The experimental mice were randomly divided into control group （n＝6） and modeling group （n＝16）. The hypercholesterolemia model was induced by diet in modeling group； after modeling， the rats of modeling group were divided into model group （n＝8） and C. japonicum extract group （n＝8）. C. japonicum extract group was given C. japonicum extract 400 mg/（kg·d） by gavage （calculated by extract）， and other 2 groups were given constant volume of 0.3% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution， for 6 weeks. After medication， the intervention effect of C. japonicum extract was evaluated by the levels of serum total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TG） and the histopathological changes of liver. The mechanism of C. japonicum extract in improving hypercholesterolemia model mice was investigated by metabolomics. RESULTS It was identified that C. japonicum extract contained 12 components， such as 030302005） chlorogenic acid， linarin and pectolinarin. After 6 weeks of intervention， compared with control group， serum level of TC was increased significantly while the level of TG was decreased significantly in model group （P＜0.05）， while a large number of lipid droplets， disorderly arrangement of liver cells and the damaged structure of liver cord were observed in liver tissue. Compared with model group， the serum level of TC was decreased significantly in C. japonicum extract group（P＜0.05）； the lipid droplets in liver tissue were significantly reduced， with liver cells arranged radially and tightly centered around the central vein， and liver cords arranged neatly. The metabolomics study showed that after the intervention of C. japonicum extract， the levels of metabolites were significantly adjusted back， such as ethanolamine， fumaric acid and cholesterol； finally， three metabolism pathways， such as alanine-aspartate-glutamic acid metabolism， arginine biosynthesis， citric acid cycle， were obtained. CONCLUSIONS The main components of C. japonicum extract are phenolic acids and flavonoids， such as chlorogenic acid， linarin， pectolinarin. C. japonicum extract can improve hypercholesterolemia by regulating the contents and distribution of differential metabolites， adjusting alanine-aspartate-glutamic acid metabolism， arginine biosynthesis and citric acid cycle， participating in oxidation-reduction reaction， improving liver lipid accumulation， and playing anti-inflammatory role.

Effect of Tianhuang Formula on Renal Injury and Fibrosis in Hyperuricemia Mice / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo observe the protective effect and mechanism of Tianhuang formula (THF) against renal injury in hyperuricemia nephropathy (HN) mice through network pharmacology. MethodAll mice were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, a febuxostat group (5 mg·kg-1), a low-dose THF group (L-THF, 60 mg·kg-1), and a high-dose THF group (H-THF, 120 mg·kg-1). The mice in the normal group were treated with 0.5% sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) by gavage daily. The HN model was induced by oral administration of 500 mg·kg-1 hypoxanthine and intraperitoneal injection of 200 mg·kg-1 oteracil potassium in mice except for those in the blank group. The mice in the groups with drug intervention were treated with corresponding drugs by gavage for three weeks. The levels of serum uric acid, creatinine, urea nitrogen, and 24-h albuminuria were measured. The renal injury was observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and PAS staining, and renal fibrosis was observed by Sirius red staining. The effects and molecular mechanism of THF in HN mice were analyzed by Western blot, network pharmacology, and molecular docking. ResultBiochemical results indicated that compared with model group, BUN and 24 h urinary protein levels were significantly decreased in L-THF group (P<0.05), SUA and SCr levels were significantly decreased (P<0.01), and SUA, BUN, SCr and 24 h urinary protein levels in H-THF group were significantly decreased (P<0.01). The results of pathological staining showed that the kidney injury and interstitial fibrosis were improved in different doses of THF groups (P<0.05). Western blot results showed that the Nod-like receptor heat protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammatorome, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), fibronectin (FN), uric acid transporter 1 (URAT1), phosphorylated p65 (p-p65) and phosphorylated nuclear transcription factor (NF) -κB were inhibited in the H-THF group The expression of protein-producing α (p-IκBα) was reduced to the normal level (P<0.01), but the expression of IL-1β, URAT1 and p-IκBα in HN mice was not affected in the L-THF group. ConclusionTHF ameliorates renal inflammation and fibrosis by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasomes to alleviate HN

Comparative Diagnosis Test Accuracy of Five Weighting Methods for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Dampness-heat Syndrome / 中医杂志

ObjectiveTo compare the diagnostic accuracy of five different weighting methods of Chinese medicine syndrome and then analyze their diagnostic efficacy and characteristics， by taking Diagnostic Standard for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus （T2DM） with Dampeness-heat Syndrome （abbreviated as diagnostic standard） as an example. MethodsData from expert questionnaire on the diagnostic standard and a cross-sectional survey of 1021 patients were collected. The comparative diagnostic test accuracy （CDTA） method was used to calculate the area under the ROC curve （AUC）， area under the PR curve （AUPR）， accuracy （ACC）， sensitivity， and specificity of five commonly used weighting methods in two categories， including knowledge-driven weighting methods （expert scoring synthesis method， analytic hierarchy process， and precedence chart method） and data-driven weighting methods （logistic regression contribution method and entropy weighting method）. ResultsAmong 1021 patients with T2DM， 389 cases were diagnosed as dampness-heat syndrome. The expert scoring synthesis method， analytic hierarchy process method， and precedence chart method were basically consistent in the weight scores of each item. The expert scoring comprehensive method， analytic hierarchy process method， and entropy weighting method have a smaller difference in the weight scores of each item， while there was larger difference in the weight scores of each item of the precedence chart method and the logistic regression contribution method. The AUC （95% CI）， AUPR， ACC， sensitivity， and specifi-city of the expert scoring synthesis method were 0.913 （0.893， 0.932）， 0.851， 0.870， 0.868 and 0.875， respectively； while those of the analytic hierarchy process method were 0.910 （0.890， 0.930）， 0.838， 0.879， 0.848 and 0.896； of the precedence chart method were 0.919 （0.900， 0.937）， 0.858， 0.875， 0.871 and 0.875； of the logistic regression contribution method were 0.867 （0.842， 0.891）， 0.792， 0.853， 0.769 and 0.898； and of the entropy weighting method were 0.895 （0.873， 0.916）， 0.820， 0.869， 0.802 and 0.908. ConclusionThe knowledge-driven weighting methods are better than the data-driven weighting methods in terms of diagnostic efficacy and reflecting expert experience.

Effect and Mechanism of Baoshen Prescription in Alleviating Renal Fibrosis in UUO Mice by Regulating ERK/p38 MAPK Signaling Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo observe the protective effect of Baoshen prescription against renal fibrosis and explore its underlying mechanism through network pharmacology， molecular docking， and in vivo experiments. MethodAll mice were randomly divided into sham surgery group， model group， low-， medium-， and high-dose Baoshen prescription groups， and a benazepril hydrochloride group. Unilateral ureteral obstruction （UUO） was performed to establish a renal fibrosis model， and the administration of Baoshen prescription at low， medium， and high doses （0.455， 0.91， and 1.82 g·kg-1）， and benazepril hydrochloride （1.68 mg·kg-1） or distilled water began on the same day as model preparation. Mice in the model group and the sham surgery group were given an equal volume of distilled water. The intervention was carried out once daily for 14 days. Mouse serum levels of blood urea nitrogen （BUN） and creatinine （Cr） were measured. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Masson staining were used to observe renal pathological changes. Western blot and immunohistochemistry were used to assess the expression of fibronectin （FN）， α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）， and E-cadherin， which are related to renal fibrosis. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） was used to measure the mRNA expression of transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， NOD-like receptor protein 3 （NLRP3）， and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 （MCP-1） in renal tissues. The mechanism of Baoshen prescription in improving renal fibrosis was explored through network pharmacology， molecular docking， and Western blot experiments. ResultCompared with the sham surgery group， the model group showed significantly increased levels of BUN and Cr （P<0.01）. The model group exhibited abnormal renal glomerular morphology， loss of tubular brush borders， tubular dilation， and an enlarged area of blue collagen fibers. Mice in the model group showed significantly elevated levels of FN and α-SMA （P<0.01）， significantly decreased expression of E-cadherin （P<0.01）， and significantly increased expression of TGF-β1， TNF-α， NLRP3， and MCP-1 mRNA （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the Baoshen prescription groups showed significantly reduced BUN and Cr levels （P<0.01）， alleviated renal pathological damage， improved fibrosis， reduced expression of FN and α-SMA （P<0.01）， increased E-cadherin expression （P<0.01）， and downregulated mRNA expression of TGF-β1， TNF-α， NLRP3， and MCP-1 （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Network pharmacology and molecular docking predicted that Baoshen prescription could potentially improve renal fibrosis through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase （ERK）/p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling pathway. Pharmacological research showed that compared with the sham surgery group， the model group exhibited significantly increased expression of phosphorylated （p）-ERK and p-p38 （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， medium- and high-dose Baoshen prescription groups showed significantly downregulated expression of p-ERK and p-p38 proteins （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionBaoshen prescription can effectively improve renal fibrosis induced by UUO in mice， and its mechanism of action may be related to the ERK/p38 MAPK signaling pathway.

Study on the construction status and countermeasures of Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:By analyzing the development purpose and goals, status quo and achievements, characteristics, and problems identified of Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center, tailored measurements and suggestions are put forward in this paper, to serve for better development of Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center, and construct a more efficient clinical research transformation platform.Methods:Carrying out statistical analysis of the annual reports of the first two batches of 12 Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Centers to identify similarities and uniqueness; Benchmarking with the construction goals of Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Centers to figure out achievements and space for improvement; SWOT analysis was conducted to analyze opportunities and challenges, and experiences were summarized.Results:After two years’ construction, the centers have remarkable achievement by facilitating resources, establishing research platforms, and setting up collaborative research networks. However, common problems are still existed, such as: weak innovation foundation, insufficient attention from supporting institutions, lacking of compound talents in clinical research, peak discipline should be developed at provincial centers to promote the capacity building, and the ability to promote innovation at local level also needs to be improved.Conclusions:The construction of Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center is facing a great deal of opportunities and challenges. By boosting attention of the supporting institution, enhancing continuing investment, implementing annual evaluation system, guiding the outstanding provincial centers to apply for national centers, and strengthening the achievement transfer and promotion, the construction of the provincial centers will be improved, and further enhance the clinical research capacity at provincial level.

Effect of Zhenzhu Tiaozhi Capsule on HbA1c in Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus： A Real-world Study / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the long-term effect of Zhenzhu Tiaozhi capsule（FTZ） on hemoglobin A1c（HbA1c）in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） based on real-world data. Method:T2DM patients who were provided with FTZ （FTZ group） and those receiving conventional hypoglycemic drugs （control group） were extracted from the hospital information system （HIS） of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University， followed by propensity score matching （PSM） for balancing the confounding factors between groups. With HbA1c as the efficacy evaluation index， the difference in efficacy between the two groups was compared using <italic>t</italic>-test and <italic>χ</italic>² test. For repeated measurement data of the same patient， the difference in efficacy and the stability of FTZ against HbA1c were analyzed by generalized estimating equation （GEE）. The factors that might affect the efficacy of FTZ against HbA1c were subjected to multivariate linear regression analysis （MLRA）， and the subgroup analyses were then conducted after the stratification of relevant factors. Result:There were 46 patients included in the FTZ group and 1 208 patients in the control group. PSM yielded 42 pairs of samples with balanced covariates between groups. As revealed by one-year observation， ① HbA1c in the FTZ group after treatment was 6.51%±1.09%. No significant difference was observed either in pre- and post-treatment comparison in the FTZ group or in its comparison with the control group. At the same time， the HbA1c compliance rate in the FTZ group was 73.8% after treatment. No significant difference was observed either in pre- and post-treatment comparison in the FTZ group or in its comparison with the control group. ② The GEE results showed that the post-treatment HbA1c levels in the two groups were not significantly different from each other. Moreover， the HbA1c level remained stable over treatment time. ③ MLRA and subgroup analyses results demonstrated that FTZ was more effective in patients with high baseline HbA1c ［<italic>β</italic>=-0.530，95% confidence interval（CI） -0.850～-0.209，<italic>P</italic><0.01］ or those who were complicated with hypertension （<italic>β</italic>=-0.918，95%CI -1.614～-0.222，<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Conclusion:In the real world， FTZ is able to control the blood sugar， and its effect is similar to those of conventional hypoglycemic drugs. Besides， it is capable of stabilizing the blood sugar for a long time.

Toll-like Receptor Agonists in Radiation Protection / 中国医学科学院学报

Ionizing radiation causes the massive apoptosis of human tissue cells,leading to dysfunction of the gastrointestinal tract and hematopoietic system.Thus,high-efficiency,low-toxicity radiation protection drugs are urgently needed.Toll-like receptor agonists have been developed based on the anti-apoptotic mechanism of tumor cells in recent years,which exert their radioprotective effects by activating downstream pathways,mainly nuclear factor-κB.Here we elucidate several agonists of Toll-like receptors involved in radiation protection,with an attempt to inform the research and development of new radiation protection agents.

Imatinib Inhibits the Inflammatory Phenotype of Macrophage Induced by Lipopolysaccharide / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

@#【Objective】To investigate the effect of Imatinib（Ima）on the inflammatory phenotype of RAW264.7 mac⁃ rophages induced by lipopolysaccharide（LPS）.【Methods】RAW264.7 cells were treated by LPS（0.1 μg/mL）and/or Ima（1 μmol/L，5 μmol/L）. The mRNA levels of IL-1β，IL-10，CCL2，iNOS，TNF-α and Arg1 in RAW264.7 cells were tested by Q-PCR. The iNOS protein level and the activation of NF-κB and MAPK signal pathways were detected by Western Blot. The protein levels of IL-1β，CCL2，IL-10 and TNF-α in cell supernatant were detected by ELISA. 【Results】Compared with the normal control group，the mRNA levels of IL-1β，CCL2，iNOS，TNF-α and IL-10 were significantly increased in RAW264.7 cells treated with LPS for 8 h（P < 0.001）. In addition，the cell supernatant protein levels of IL-1β，IL-10，CCL2 as well as TNFα and the iNOS protein level were significantly increased in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by LPS for 24 h（P < 0.001）. Moreover，the phosphorylation levels of p65，p38，ERK and AKT were enhanced in RAW264.7 cells after treatment with LPS for 24 h. Compared with LPS group，pretreatment with Ima decreased the mRNA and protein levels of IL-1β，CCL2，iNOS and TNF-α（P < 0.01，P < 0.001），but increased the mRNA and protein level of IL-10（P < 0.001）. And this effect of Ima was dose-dependent. The phosphorylation levels of p65，p38， ERK and AKT were decreased in LPS+Ima group compared with that in LPS group. The functional status of RAW264.7 cells did not change significantly after treatment with Ima alone.【Conclusions】The effect of Imatinib to inhibit the inflammato⁃ ry phenotype of macrophage is related to retarding the overactivation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.

Study on the Proportion Regularity of 8 Kinds of Ginsenoside to Ginsenoside Rg 1 in Panax ginseng of Different Growth Years in Jilin Province / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the proportion of 8 kinds of ginsenoside to ginsenoside Rg1 in Panax ginseng and the regularity of growth year in Jilin province， and to provide reference for the identification of growth year. METHODS： The samples of garden ginseng， wild-cultivated ginseng and wild ginseng were collected from different growth years （3-30 years） in Jilin province. The contents of 8 ginsenoside （ginsenoside Rg1， Re， Rf， Rb1， Rc， Rb2， Rb3， Rd） in P. ginseng were determined by HPLC. The contents of saponins as well as the proportion of 8 kinds of ginsenoside to ginsenoside Rg1 were calculated； the relationship of the proportion with growth year was investigated. RESULTS： As the increase of growth year， the proportion of 8 kinds of ginsenosides in garden ginseng to ginsenoside Rg1 as well as that of ginsenoside Re， Rb1， Rc， Rd to ginsenoside Rg1 were decreased gradally （P＜0.001）； the proportion of ginsenoside Re to ginsenoside Rg1 in wild-cultivated ginseng decreased first and then increased（P＜0.001）； the proportion of 8 kinds of ginsenosides to ginsenoside Rg1 as well as the proportion of ginsenoside Re and Rb1 to ginsenoside Rg1 were increased gradually in wild ginseng （P＜0.001）； the proportion of ginsenoside Rf， Rb3 to ginsenoside Rg1 in garden ginseng， wild-cultivated ginseng and wild ginseng had no significant difference（P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： Garden ginseng， wild-cultivated ginseng and wild ginseng contain 8 kinds of ginsenosides. The growth year can be predicted preliminarily according to the proportion of ginsenoside Rg1 and ginsenoside Re， Rb1 to ginsenoside Rg1.

Effect of urantide on liver function and histomorphology in atherosclerotic rats / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the effect of urantide on the liver function and histomorphology in the rats with atherosclerosis (AS).METHODS:The AS Wistar rat model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of vitamin D3 (VD3) and feeding with high-fat diet.The rats were randomly divided into normal control group, AS model group, positive medicine group and urantide group.The liver function indexes of the rats were measured by biochemical test, and the pathological changes of the aorta and liver of the rats were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining.The mRNA expression of urotensinⅡ (UII) and GPR14 at mRNA and protein levels in rat livers was determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot.RESULTS:The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) , aspartate aminotransferase (AST) , γ-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT) , lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) , total bilirubin (TBIL) , indirect bilirubin (IBIL) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in AS model group were significantly increased compared with normal control group (P<0.05).The above indexes in urantide group were remarkably decreased compared with AS model group (P<0.05).No change of the levels of direct bilirubin (DBIL) , total protein (TP) , globulin (GLB) and albumin (ALB) in each group was observed.Urantide postponed hepatocyte fatty degeneration and repaired hepatocyte injury in the AS rats.Compared with normal control group, the mRNA and protein levels of UII and GPR14 in the liver were significantly increased in AS model group (P<0.05).With the prolongation of dosing time, the mRNA and protein levels of UII and GPR14 in the liver were significantly decreased in urantide group compared with AS model group (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Urantide significantly attenuates the liver damage caused by liver fatty degeneration in AS rats.

A preliminary survey of acaroid mite breeding in farmer home storages / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the densities and species of acaroid mites in stored products in farmer home storages. Methods The mite samples which were collected from the farmers’home in Linquan County, Anhui Province included grains, foods, condiments, fruits and vegetables, and the breeding mites were isolated, then identified and classified after using the mites to make slide specimens. Results Twenty-one species of acaroid mites were obtained, belonging to 7 families and 15 genera. The highest breeding density was in the millet (3 888.89 mite/g) and the lowest was in the fennel (2.03 mite/g), and the frequent breeding species of storages were Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Lepidoglyphus destructor. The average breeding density of acaroid mites in grains was 383.94 mite/g, and the dominant mite species was T. longior. The average breeding density of acaroid mites in condiments was 149.53 mite/g, and the dominant mite species were L. destructor and Chortoglyphus arcuatus. The average breeding density of acaroid mites in foods was 85.15 mite/g, and the dominant mite species were T. putrescentiae, T. longior, T. palmarum, Glycyphagus domesticus and Dermatophagoides farina. The average breeding density of acaroid mites in fruits and vegetables was 49.15 mite/g, and the dominant mite species were Rhizoglyphus robini and T. palmarum. The average breeding density of acaroid mites in other stored products was 25.05 mite/g, and the dominant mite species were T. putrescentiae and L. destructor. Conclusion The species of acaroid mites in home storages are very rich, and it is necessary to take positive measures to reduce the infestation of acaroid mites.

Study on community of acaroid mites breeding in home storages in Linquan Area,Anhui Province / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To investigate the species and diversity of acaroid mites community in home storages in Linquan ar-ea,Anhui Province.Methods The samples of 48 kinds of storages from the residents in Linquan County were collected,and the mites in them were separated in a microscope directly.Results Totally 19 species of acaroid mites belonging to 14 genera of 6 families were obtained from the 48 kinds of samples.The diversity analysis showed that the number of species,the species richness index and species diversity index of mites in the habitats were in the order of the other storages>drysaltery>grains.Conclusion The quantities of breeding acaroid mites in storages in Linquan area are much larger,meanwhile the species are also very rich,thus in order to reduce the harm of acaroid mites,we should take active measures to control their breeding.

Study on the New Clinical Significance of Routine Indexes in Pregnant Women with HDP before 20 Weeks of Pregnancy / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To explore the new clinical significance of these routine test indexes and find the early biomarkers for predicting hypertension disorder complicating pregnancy(HDP) by the comparative analysis between pregnant women with HDP and normal pregnant women before 20 weeks,including biochemical,blood coagulation and blood routine indexes.Methods A case-control study was conducted to review the clinical data of pregnant women who were undertaken prenatal examination and delivered in Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from 2012 to 2016.The pregnancy were divided into HDP group and control group according to the gestational week and age.Analyzed the related test indexes before 20 weeks of pregnancy.The two groups variables were analyzed by Kolmogorov-Smirnov for normal distribution.Approximate measurement data of normal distribution were mean± standard deviation (x± s) for statistical description,while the data of the skewed distribution was median and percentile[M(P25～P75)]for statistical description.The diagnostic value was analyzed by logistic regression equation and receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC).Results The level of biochemical indexes (AST,γ GT and UA) of HDP group was significantly higher thanthe normal group (t=2.50,3.34,4.56,P＜ 0.05).Meanwhile the level of blood indexes (RBC,PLT and HCT) of HDP group was significantly higher than the normal group (t=2.89,4.51,3.29,all P＜0.01).Other indicators of two groups (ALT,TBIL,Cr,Urea,PT,APTT,TT,FIB and HGB) were not significantly different (t=0.25～ 1.85,all P＞0.05).Then the logistic regression model equation was Y=-5.497+0.010 * PLT+0.043 * γ-GT+0.007 * UA+0.045 * AST.The area under ROC curve (AUC) was 0.746 for the combination of the four indexes.The combination resulted in a higher sensitivity of 0.818 and specificity of 0.523.Conclusion Before 20 weeks of gestation,compared with normal group,liver and kidney function in patients with HDP and high blood coagulation state was damaged.Can by combined detection of AST,UA,γ-GT and PLT index,early prevention and diagnosis of gestational hypertension,effective intervention measures taken as soon as possible to improve the prognosis of pregnancy.

Research Trend Analysis of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Based on SIOP Database / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Salvia miltiorrhiza, as one of the top grade herbs in Sheng Nong.s herbal classic, occupies promoting blood circulation function. The pharmacological of Salvia miltiorrhiza is obvious and the relevant research are extensive.However, there is still potential space for development. In this paper, the patents about Salvia miltiorrhiza were analyzed.The patents were collected from Patent Search Service System of"State Intellectual Property Office of the People's Republic of China". A total of 29 468 patent documents related to Salvia miltiorrhiza were retrieved. The health products and agriculture of Salvia miltiorrhiza has been well developed in recent years. The technology life cycle results show that the research of Salvia miltiorrhiza is in the growth stage. The analyze result shows that the application number were increasing year by year, and the increasing was sharp. The average number of patent applications of the top 10 patent holders is about 100, and the research focus is different. The distribution of patent technology in Salvia miltiorrhiza appears to be diversified, mainly in the fields of medicine, agriculture, chemical engineering and engineering. The results of high-quality and effective patent technology distribution show that classic research fields of Salvia miltiorrhiza are A61 K35 and A61 K36. The research of Salvia miltiorrhiza is still in rapid development stage, and involves a wide range of areas to be further studied and developed.

Screening the Lipid-lowering Active Ingredients in Rhubarb by the Hepatocyte Affinity Chromatography in Vitro / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Objective: To screen and analysis of antihepatic steatosis active components and cell metabolism withinrhubarb anthraquinones in vitro. Methods: Lipid-lowering activity of liver cell affinity components in rhubarbanthraquinones was evaluated by hepatic steatosis in vitro model. Hepatocyte-specific affinity compositions werescreened by hepatocyte affinity chromatography. Hep G2 cells were incubated with rhubarb anthraquinones in vitro andwere detected by HPLC and HPLC-Q-TOF-MS method. Results: Compared with normal group, the intracellular TGcontent of model group were significantly increased (P＜0.05) . Respectively treated with different concentrations ofrhubarb anthraquinones, the intracellular TG content were significantly decreased in a dose dependent manner (P＜0.05) in comparison with model group. Compared with rhubarb solution, there are mainly four hepatocyte-specific affinitycompositions of aloe-emodin, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion, except for rhein. Conclusion: The lipid-lowering experiment in vitro verified that five rhubarb anthraquinones have significant lipid-lowering activity. This research established a biochromatography method to screen out four hepatocyte-specific affinity compositions of aloe-emodin, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion from rhubarb anthraquinones, while the conjugation sites of rhein were ambiguous.Combined hepatocyte affinity chromatography with hepatic steatosis in vitro model, it could evaluate and screen lipidlowering active ingredient in vitro and cell metabolism of Chinese traditional medicine for the drug development of lipidlowering rhubarb anthraquinones.

Protective Effects of Chaihu Shugan San () on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Rats with Insulin Resistance / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the protective effects of Chinese medicine formulation Chaihu Shugan San (, CHSGS) on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in rats with insulin resistance (IR) and its molecular mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups: the control group, the model group, Dongbao Gantai group (, DBGT, 0.09 g methionine/kg), CHSGS high-dose group (CHSG-H, 12.6 g crude drug/kg), CHSGS medium-dose group (CHSG-M, 6.3 g crude drug/kg), and CHSGS low-dose group (CHSG-L, 3.15 g crude drug/kg). After establishing the NAFLD rat model and treatment for 8 weeks, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), free fatty acid (FFA), fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS) contents in blood serum, and TC, TG contents in the hepatic homogenate were measured by an automatic biochemical analyzer, and a homeostasis model assessment was applied to assess the status of IR, insulin sensitivity index (ISI), and homeostasis model assessment for insulin secretion (HOMA-IS). The expression levels of adiponectin and leptin mRNA in liver tissue were analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Pathological changes of livers were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining of paraffin section.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the model group, the serum levels of TC, TG, FFA, FBG, FINS, IRI, ISI, and the liver levels of TC and TG in CHSG-H, CHSG-M, CHSG-L groups showed significant declines (P<0.01 or P<0.05); the serum levels of HDL-C, HOMA-IS were significantly increased (P<0.01 or P<0.05); the expression of leptin mRNA was dramatically decreased and the expression of adiponectin mRNA was increased in the hepatic tissue (P<0.01 or P<0.05). The fatty deposition of liver cells could also be alleviated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CHSGS could up-regulate the expression of adiponectin mRNA and down-regulate the expression of leptin mRNA on the liver, suggesting the CHSGS had positive therapeutic effect on NAFLD in rats with IR.</p>

Hypopus of Acarus siro found in stored wheat / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To observe the morphological characteristics of hypopus of Acarus siro in the stored wheat in Linquan County,Anhui Province. Methods The wheat samples were collected from the wheat which had been stored for more than six months. The hypopodes of A. siro were isolated from the stored wheat,and were made into the glass specimens,and then were identified under an optical microscope. Results The structural features of the hypopus were found under the microscope,such as the setae of tibia and setae of genu,and the foot claws were well-developed,and the genital seta bases and the pair of sucker were almost at the same baseline. Conclusion The hypopodes of A. siro are found in the stored wheat,and therefore,the effec-tive measures should be taken to control the hazard to the stored grain.

Effects of Hesperidin on RAW264.7 Foam Cell Formation And Expression of ICAM-1 / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of hesperidin on the macrophage foam cell formation in RAW264.7 cells and the expression of ICAM-1.RAW264.7 cells were culture in vitro and induced by oxLDL (50 μg· mL-1).Furthermore,cells were separated into the control group,oxLDL model group and hesperidin treatment group.The effect of hesperidin on cell viability in RAW264.7 was assessed by MTF assay.Oil Red O staining was examined by foam cells formation.Effect of hesperidin on protein expression of ICAM-1 was analyzed by western blot.In addition,the effect of hesperidin on mRNA expression of ICAM-1 was assessed by RT-PCR.The results showed that the viability should been over 80％ after less than or equal to 5 μM hesperidin treatment.Hesperidin decreased the protein expression of ICAM-1 in RAW264.7 cells.Additionally,hesperidin suppressed the mRNA expression of ICAM-1 in RAW264.7 cells.It was concluded that hesperidin can inhibit foam cell formation and the expression of ICAM-1 in RAW264.7 cells.It suggested that hesperidin protect against atherosclerosis.

Correlational Research on the Sleep Status and Psychosocial Factors of Patients with Colorectal Cancer before Surgery / 中国医科大学学报

Objective To examine the sleep status and relevant psychosocial factors in patients with colorectal cancer before surgery and improve their sleep quality. Methods A cross?sectional survey method was used. Participants were 107 cases of patients with colorectal cancer from the Department of Anorectal Surgery in The First Hospital ,which is affiliated with China Medical University. The Athens insomnia scale(AIS),Ham?ilton depression scale(HAMD),Hamilton anxiety scale(HAMA),perceived social support scale(PSSS),self?esteem scale(SES),medical cop?ing questionnaire(MCMQ),memorial University of Newfoundland scale of happiness(MUNSH),Eysenck personality questionnaire(EPQ),and Wong?Baker face scale were used to assess preoperative sleep in patients with colorectal cancer and related psychosocial factors. Results Among the 107 cases,there were 24 cases of insomnia,with an insomnia incidence of 22.43%. No statistical differences were found in demographic charac?teristics and clinical characteristics(P>0.05). According to the degree of insomnia,there were significant differences between groups(P<0.05) for depression,anxiety,social support,avoidance,yield,happiness,and EPQ?N. Before the surgery,the degree of depression,anxiety,and EPQ?P had a significant positive effect on the degree of insomnia (P< 0.05). Conclusion The degree of insomnia before surgery in patients with colorectal cancer is closely associated with depression,anxiety,coping styles,social support,and personality characteristics.